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Congestion
David Schrank
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Phil Lasley
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Luke Albert
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Kartik Jha
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Annual Delay per Auto Commuter
A yearly sum of all the per-trip delays for those persons who travel in the peak period (6 to 10 a.m. and 3 to 7 p.m.). This measure illustrates the effect of the per-mile congestion as well as the length of each trip.
Commuter Stress Index
Same as the Travel Time Index except it is based only on the peak direction of travel. This would be more like the traditional commuter experience of inbound in the morning and outbound in the evening.
Cost of Congestion
Value of travel delay and extra fuel consumed in traffic congestion.
Coverage
Coverage measures how much of an area people or goods get to in a given time constraint. How much of an area is reachable from an origin? It measures if an area is traveled to or through.
Delay
Extra travel time compared to some standard. The standard values used in the Urban Mobility Report are supplied with the speeds from INRIX.
Demand Management
Changing the time or mode of travel to have fewer vehicle trips during the peak period.
Density
Density measures how many trips start or end in a specific area, neighborhood, or an entire city. While coverage measures if an area can be reached, density measures how intense the travel is, or how many trips went to different areas reachable throughout a city.
Events
Describes several causes of travel disruption including collisions, vehicle breakdowns, weather, or other unusual activities that cause traffic demand to sharply increase.
Planning Time Index
The ratio of travel time or the worst day of the month compared to the time required to make the same trip at free-flow speeds. A value of 1.8, for example, indicates a 20-minute free-flow trip requires 36 minutes during the worst peak period. (Note: Statistically the “worst day of the month” is the 95th percentile travel time).
Range
Range measures how far trips are going on average. It looks at trip length originating in zones of an urban area to produce an average trip distance.
Reliability
Variation in travel time from day to day. This concept reflects an aspect of congestion that relates to the unpredictability of travel conditions, rather than everyday slowdowns. (See Planning Time Index.)
Roadway Capacity
The “supply” of road transportation; measured in vehicles per hour per lane. Typical freeway values–2000 to 2200; principal arterial values–850.
Strategies
Any of the projects, programs or policies used to address congestion problems or mobility needs.
Total Delay
Total travel time delay for an urban area.
Travel Time Index
The ratio of the travel time during the peak period to the time required to make the same trip at free-flow speeds. A value of 1.3, for example, indicates a 20-minute free-flow trip requires 26 minutes during the peak period.
Wasted Fuel
Extra fuel consumed due to inefficient operation in slower stop-and-go traffic.